硅醚衍生物

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 二叔丁亚甲硅基衍生物 [DTBS(OR)2]

二叔丁亚甲硅基是有机合成中非常有用的双官能团硅醚。常用的制备试剂有(t-Bu)2SiCl2,(t-Bu)2Si(OTf)2脱保护试剂有48% aq HF;TBAF;HF-pyridine;TASF等,这和普通硅醚的脱保护类似。

制备示例 (Org. Lett. 201113, 3446)

To a cloudy solution of (690 mg, 1.95 mmol) in DMF (15 mL) at 0°C was added di-tert-butylsilyl-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate) (0.81 mL, 1.1equiv). After stirring at 0 °C for 10 min, ice-water bath was removed to allow the temperature going back tort. Imidazole (332 mg, 2.5 equiv) was then added and the mixture was stirred atrt for 0.5 h. After removal of DMF under high vacuum, the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with water, 5% NaHCO3 solution and brine, and dried over Na2SO4. After evaporation of the solvent under reduced pressure, the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with 3-6% MeOH in CH2Cl2, to give (913mg, 95%) as a white foam.

脱保护示例 (Synthesis2010, 2708)

HF·pyridine(0.300 mL, 2.07 mmol) was carefully diluted with pyridine (0.50 mL) and then added dropwise to a solution of (229 mg, 0.41 mmol) in THF (6 mL) at 0 °C. The mixture was warmed to r.t. and stirred for 10 min. TLC showed that the reaction was complete. The mixture was diluted with pyridine (2 mL). This mixture was partitioned between CH2Cland H2O, and the organic layer was washed with 5% NaHCOsolution and brine, then dried (anhydrous Na2SO4). The solvent was removed, and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography(MeOH:CH2Cl2, 4:96), affording (156 mg, 91%) as a white foam.

 四异丙基二硅氧基衍生物 [TIPDS(OR)2]

此类硅醚衍生物通常由1,3-dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetraisopropyldisiloxane(TIPDS-Cl2)制备得到。脱保护常用的试剂有TBAFHF-TEANH4F等。

制备示例 (Chem. Eur. J. 200814,11194)

Diol (515mg, 1.56 mmol) was subjected to coevaporation of the volatiles with anhydrous pyridine three times, and then suspended in anhydrous pyridine (10 mL) under anitrogen atmosphere. 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetraisopropyldisiloxane (TIPDS-Cl2)(530 mL, 526 mg, 1.67 mmol) was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h at room temperature. The reaction was stopped by the addition of methanol (1 mL). The mixture was diluted with dichloromethane and washed once with water and once with brine. The solvent was removed in vacuo, and the residue was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (5% MeOH in CH2Cl2) and recrystallized from hexane to give as a colorless solid (880 mg, 1.54 mmol, 98%).

脱保护示例 (Helv. Chim. Acta201194, 362)

To a solution of 1(8.0 g, 10.5mmol) in THF (70 ml) was added Bu4NF·3H2O (8.0 g, 25.4 mmol) in THF (80 ml) with stirring. After 10 min, the mixture was neutralized by AcOH (9.2 ml, 154.4mmol) in THF (30 ml) and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in CHCl3(500 ml), the solution washed with NaHCO3 solution (200 ml) and H2O(100 ml), dried (Na2SO4), and concentrated, and the residue crystallized from EtOH to give 2 (6.2 g, 88%).


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